JAVA Program to Add Two Numbers

ADD TWO NUMBERS USING JAVA

A program to accept two numbers from keyboard and calculate the sum.

//A small java program to add two numbers

import java.util.Scanner;

class AddTwoNumbers
{
   public static void main(String args[])
   {
      int a, b, c;
      System.out.println("Enter two integers to calculate the sum ");

      //A simple text scanner which can parse primitive types and strings using regular                                      expressions.

      Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
      //Capturing the scanned token as Int and storing it to the variables a and b.
      a = in.nextInt();
      b = in.nextInt();
      c = a + b;
      System.out.println("Sum of entered integers = "+c);
   }
}

Output:

Enter two integers to calculate the sum

10

15

Sum of entered integers = 25

Addition of Two Numbers Java Programming Code

Java program to add two numbers

Simple Program to Add two numbers in Java

//A Simple Program to Add Two Numbers in Java Program.

class AddTwoNumbers        //Class Declaration

{

   public static void main(String args[]) //Main Function

   {

      int x, y, z;      // Variable Declaration

      x = 10;           //Assigning 10 to the variable x.

      y = 20;           //Assigning 20 to the variable y.

      z = x + y;        //Expression to Add two variables x, y and save the result to z

      System.out.println("Sum of x and y = "+z); //This line output the value of z on the Screen

   }

}

Output:

Sum of x and y =30

Java Separators

Separators in Java

Separators used in Java Programming Lanuage

Separators help define the structure of a program. The separators used in HelloWorld are parentheses, ( ), braces, { }, the period, ., and the semicolon, ;. The table lists the six Java separators (nine if you count opening and closing separators as two). Following are the some characters which are generally used as the separators in Java.

Separator	Name	Use
.	Period	It is used to separate the package name from sub-package name & class name. It is also used to separate variable or method from its object or instance.
,	Comma	It is used to separate the consecutive parameters in the method definition. It is also used to separate the consecutive variables of same type while declaration.
;	Semicolon	It is used to terminate the statement in Java.
()	Parenthesis	This holds the list of parameters in method definition. Also used in control statements & type casting.
{}	Braces	This is used to define the block/scope of code, class, methods.
[]	Brackets	It is used in array declaration.
Separators in Java

Java Operators

Operators in Java

Operators Supported by Java Language

Operators are special symbols that perform specific operations on one, two, or three operands, and then return a result. Java supports a rich set of operators. Some of them are =, +, -, *. An Operator is a symbol that tells the computer to perform certain mathematical or logical manipulations. Operators are used in programs to manipulate data and variables. They usually form a part of mathematical or logical expressions. 

Java operators can be classified into a number of related categories as below:

Arithmetic Operators

+      Additive operator (also used for String concatenation)
-       Subtraction operator
*       Multiplication operator
/       Division operator
%     Remainder operator

Relational Operators

==    Equal to

!=     Not equal to
>      Greater than
>=    Greater than or equal to
<      Less than
<=    Less than or equal to

Logical Operators

&&   Logical AND

||       Logical OR
!       Logical NOT

Assignment Operators
=      Assignment

Increment and decrement Operators
++   Adds 1 to the Operand
--     Subtracts 1 from the Operand

Conditional Operators

?:    Ternary (shorthand for if-then-else statement)

Bitwise Operators

~     Unary bitwise complement

<<   Signed left shift

>>   Signed right shift

>>> Unsigned right shift

&     Bitwise AND

^      Bitwise exclusive OR

|       Bitwise inclusive OR

Special Operators

. (Dot Operator)   - To access instance variables

instanceof             - Object reference Operator

As we explore the operators of the Java programming language, it may be helpful for you to know ahead of time which operators have the highest precedence. The operators in the following table are listed according to precedence order. The closer to the top of the table an operator appears, the higher its precedence. Operators with higher precedence are evaluated before operators with relatively lower precedence. Operators on the same line have equal precedence. When operators of equal precedence appear in the same expression, a rule must govern which is evaluated first. All binary operators except for the assignment operators are evaluated from left to right; assignment operators are evaluated right to left.

Operator Precedence

Operators	Precedence
postfix	expr++ expr--
unary	++expr --expr +expr -expr ~ !
multiplicative	* / %
additive	+ -
shift	<< >> >>>
relational	< > <= >= instanceof
equality	== !=
bitwise AND	&
bitwise exclusive OR	^
bitwise inclusive OR	|
logical AND	&&
logical OR	||
ternary	? :
assignment	= += -= *= /= %= &= ^= |= <<= >>= >>>=

The basic evaluation procedure includes two left-to-right passes through the expression. During the first pass, the high priority operators (if any) are applied as they are encountered. During the second pass, the low priority operators (if any) are applied as they are encountered.

Java Literals

Literals in Java

A literal is the source code representation of a fixed value.

Literals in Java are a sequence of characters (digits, letters, and other characters) that represent constant values to be stored in variables. Java language specifies five major types of literals. Literals can be any number, text, or other information that represents a value. This means what you type is what you get. We will use literals in addition to variables in Java statement. While writing a source code as a character sequence, we can specify any value as a literal such as an integer.
They are:

• Integer literals

• Floating literals

• Character literals

• String literals

• Boolean literals

Each of them has a type associated with it. The type describes how the values behave and how they are stored. 

Integer literals:

Integer data types consist of the following primitive data types: int,long, byte, and short. byte, int, long, and short can be expressed in decimal(base 

10), hexadecimal(base 16) or octal(base 8) number systems as well. 

Prefix 0 is used to indicate octal and prefix 0x indicates hexadecimal when using these number systems for literals.

Examples:

int decimal = 100;

int octal = 0144;

int hexa =  0x64;

Floating-point literals:

Floating-point numbers are like real numbers in mathematics, for example, 4.13179, -0.000001. Java has two kinds of floating-point numbers: float and double. The default type when you write a floating-point literal is double, but you can designate it explicitly by appending the D (or d) suffix. However, the suffix F (or f) is appended to designate the data type of a floating-point literal as float. We can also specify a floating-point literal in scientific notation using Exponent (short E ore), for instance: the double literal 0.0314E2 is interpreted as:

0.0314 *10² (i.e 3.14).
6.5E+32 (or 6.5E32) Double-precision floating-point literal
7D Double-precision floating-point literal
.01f Floating-point literal

Character literals:

char data type is a single 16-bit Unicode character. We can specify a character literal as a single printable character in a pair of single quote characters such as 'a', '#', and '3'. You must know about the ASCII character set. The ASCII character set includes 128 characters including letters, numerals, punctuation etc. Below table shows a set of these special characters.

Escape	Meaning
\n	New line
\t	Tab
\b	Backspace
\r	Carriage return
\f	Formfeed
\\	Backslash
\'	Single quotation mark
\"	Double quotation mark
\d	Octal
\xd	Hexadecimal
\ud	Unicode character

If we want to specify a single quote, a backslash, or a non-printable character as a character literal use an escape sequence.  An escape sequence uses a special syntax to represents a character. The syntax begins with a single backslash character. You can see the below table to view the character literals use Unicode escape sequence to represent printable and non-printable characters.

'u0041'	Capital letter A
'\u0030'	Digit 0
'\u0022'	Double quote "
'\u003b'	Punctuation ;
'\u0020'	Space
'\u0009'	Horizontal Tab

String Literals:

The set of characters in represented as String literals in Java. Always use "double quotes" for String literals. There are few methods provided in Java to combine strings, modify strings and to know whether to strings have the same values.

""	The empty string
"\""	A string containing
"This is a string"	A string containing 16 characters
"This is a " + "two-line string"	actually a string-valued constant expression, formed from two string literals

Null Literals

The final literal that we can use in Java programming is a Null literal. We specify the Null literal in the source code as 'null'. To reduce the number of references to an object, use null literal. The type of the null literal is always null. We typically assign null literals to object reference variables. For instance
s = null;

Boolean Literals:

The values true and false are treated as literals in Java programming. When we assign a value to a boolean variable, we can only use these two values. Unlike C, we can't presume that the value of 1 is equivalent to true and 0 is equivalent to false in Java. We have to use the values true and false to represent a Boolean value. 

Example

boolean chosen = true;

Remember that the literal true is not represented by the quotation marks around it. The Java compiler will take it as a string of characters, if its in quotation marks.